The Lack of a Direct Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha on Sperm Motility / 대한불임학회지

Male genital tract inflammatory conditions may be associated with unexplained infertility. The presence of cytokine such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was reported in the semen of infertile men. However, the effect of these cytokines on human sperm function is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in-vitro effects of TNF-alpha on human sperm motility with computer assisted sperm analysis. Washed sperm from 16 normal men were incubated without and with TNF-alpha(0.1, 10, 1000 ng/ml). The changes of parameters of sperm motility were recorded at different time intervals (0, 5, 24 hour). There was no significant change of parameters of sperm motility in the incubation with TNF-alpha. It is suggested that TNF-alpha alone does not interfere with the sperm motility and more studies are needed.

Expression of Adhesion Molecules in Placenta and Correlation with Uterine Artery Doppler Velocimetry in Pregnancy-induced Hypertension / 대한산부인과학회잡지

INTRODUCTION: The pathophysiology of PIH remains unclear. Recently, placental abnormalitiesare stressed as a possible cause of PIH. Abnormal shallow invasion of trophoblasts, confinedto decidua, without involving myometrium is believed to result in reduced uteroplacentalperfusion, endothelial injury, and activation of coagulation cascade system. Integrin, one of theadhesive membrane proteins, is expected to be related to the regulation of trophoblasts invasion. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of adhesion moleculesin placenta and the correlation between uterine artery Doppler findings and integrinexpressions in the placentas of PIH patients. SUBJECTS: Thirty-six cases of severe PIH patients were enrolled in the study with 10number of normal control pregnant women. The integrin subunit expressions withimmunohistochemical staining were observed in floating villi, maternal-side cytotropholbasts, andfetal-side cytotrophoblasts. Uterine artery Doppler study was also performed, and the S/Dratio was evaluated. Abnormal Doppler findings was defined as S/D ratio>or=2.6. RESULTS: Cytoplasmic staining of villi and placental bed cytotrophoblast for theintegrin alpha1 subunit in PIH specimen was weaker than those in normal controls. Theexpression of integrin beta1 subunit was negative for both controls and PIH group. Thepositive cytoplasmic stain was observed among PIH placenta in contrast to normal control inwhich the expression of integrin beta4 subunit was not detected. The expression of alpha v beta3 introphoblast with PIH was positive staining, but not in control group. Uterine artery Dopplervelocimetry was performed in 25 cases with PIH. Trace(+/-) or - staining of integrin alpha1 subunit were observed in 60.0% of abnormal S/D(>or=2.6) group, 20.0% of normal S/Dratio group patients, respectively. Trace or + staining of integrin beta4 subunit were observedin 50.0% of abnormal S/D group and 6.7% of normal S/D group and this is in statisticallysignificant. Trace or + staining of integrin alpha v beta3 subunit were observed 70.0% ofabnormal S/D group and 26.7% of normal S/D group, and this statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In PIH the abnormality in the invasion of cytotrophoblats results inabnormal integrin subunit expression, but it is also correlated to the abnormal uterine arteryDoppler velocimetry which shows a S/D ratio of greater than 2.6. Thus, the uterine arteryDoppler velocimetry reflects abnormal placentation.